 "Weather By Giannetta" |
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| "Weather By Giannetta" |
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"Charles A. Giannetta"
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 - * * Gini & Charlie's Weather & Meteorology Glossary Page * * -
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"B"
Backing:
Baroclinic Atmosphere:
Isotherms move across the isobars or contours.
Barometer:Invented By: Evangelista Torricelli: In 1643.Born in Italy 1608. Died 1647. Physicist...Mathematician.
Barometer:A weather instrument used to measure atmospheric pressure.
Barometric Pressure:The standard barometric pressure at sea level is 1013.25 mb...760 mm or 29.92. inches of mecury...14.7 lbs. per square inch at a standard temperature of 59 degs. F.
Barometric Pressure: Atmospheric pressure indicated on a barometer.
Barometric Pressure: Drops 1 inch for each 1,000 feet in altitude. Example: Pressure at sea level 30.00 inches. At 5,000 feet
the pressure would be 25.00 inches of mecury.
Barometric Pressure Tendency:The tendency as to whether the barometric pressure is rising or falling.
Barotropic Atmosphere: Isotherms move in the same direction as the isobars or contours.
Sir Francis Beaufort was an Admiral in the British Navy. In 1806,
he divised a system for estimating the force of the wind by using numbers to indicate
the strength. For calm force 0, to a hurricane, force 12.
In 1828, the British Admiralty accepted the scale for use on the high
seas. In 1874, the International Meteorological Committee adopted the scale
for international use in weather telegraphy.
When the scale was drawn up, it made no reference to the speed of wind.
It was until 1906 when is was adopted for land use.
In June 1939, the International Meteorological Committee adopted wind
speed values pertaining to an anemometer at 20 feet. The United
States and Great Britain immediately adopted the scale for weather use.
TheBeaufort Scale is still in use today
Below you will find the chart depicting the Beaufort Scale:
Beaufort Wind Scale:Admiral Francis Beaufort: Admiral in the Royal British Navy invented the "Beaufort Wind Scale 1806.
Beaufort Wind Scale
Force Wind Speed Description
In Knts
0.......0...........Calm
1.......1-3.........Light Air
2.......4-6.........Light Breeze
3.......7-10........Gentle Breeze
4.......11-16.......Moderate Breeze
5.......17-21.......Fresh Breeze
6.......22-27.......Strong Breeze
7.......28-33.......Near Gale
8.......34-40.......Gale
9.......41-47.......Strong Gale
10......48-55.......Storm
11......56-63.......Violent Storm
12......64+.........Hurricane
| *Beaufort No.* | * Description* | * Land & Sea Observations* | * Wind Speed in MPH* |
|---|---|---|---|
0 | Calm | Smoke rises vertically. Sea like a mirror. | Less than 1 |
1 | Light Air | Smoke, but no wind vane shows direction of wind. Slight ripples at sea. | 1 - 3 |
2 | Light Breeze | Wind felt on face, leaves rustle, wind vanes move. Small short wavelets. | 4 - 7 |
3 | Gentle Breeze | Leaves & small twigs moving constantly, small flags extended. Large wavelets, scattered whitecaps. | 8 - 12 |
4 | Moderate Breeze | Dust and loose paper raised, small branches moved. Small waves, frequent whitecaps. | 13 - 18 |
5 | Fresh Breeze | Small leafy trees swayed,. Moderate waves. | 19 24 |
6 | Strong Breeze | Large branches in motion, whistling heard in utility wires. Large waves. some spray. | 25 - 31 |
7 | Near Gale | Whole trees in motion. White foam from breaking waves. | 32 - 38 |
8 | Gale | Twigs break off trees. Moderately high waves of great length. | 39 -46 |
9 | Strong Gale | Slight structural damage occurs. Crests of waves begin to roll over. Spray may impede visibility. | 47 -54 |
10 | Storm | Trees uprooted, considerable structural damage. Sea white with foam, heavy tumbling of sea. | 55 -63 |
11 | Violent Storm | Widespread damage. Unusually high waves. | 64 - 75 |
12 | Hurricane | Severe & extensive damage. Much foam and spray, greatly reduced visibility. | 75+ |
| *Beaufort No.* | * Description* | * Land & Sea Observations* | * Wind Speed in MPH* |
Bermuda High: A large area of high pressure located over the Eastern United States to Bermuda.
BINOVC: Acronym for: Breaks In The Overcast: Cloudy skies with some breaks.
Blue Jets: Large dim flashes of light which appear above thunderstorms.
Blustry: Winds 15 to 25 mph.
Bowen Ratio:The ratio between "Sensible Heating" and "Latent Heating". The ratio
of heat used for "Sensible Heat" (conduction and convection) to heat used for "Latent Heat" (vaporization of water) expressed in percent.
The top picture I amd standing next to my 1959 Cadillac behind the Weather Office
at Buffalo, N.Y.
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BKN: Broken.
Black Body:The Sun & the Earth are almost perfect "Black Bodies" which absorb and emit all wavelengths of radiation.
Blizzard: Winds 35+ mph. Heavy snow with visibility 1/4 miles or less.
Blizzard Warnings:Blizzard Warnings are issued by the National Weather Service when heavy snow, winds of 35 mph and low visibilty is imminent
or is occuring.
Blowing Dust: Dust pick up and blown about by the wind.
Blowing Sand: Sand pick up and blown about by the wind.
Blowing Snow:Snow lifted to 6 feet or more above the surface of the ground.
Blowing Spray: Water pick up and blown about by the wind.
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BlZD: Blizzard.
Bow Echo: A term used to describe a line of thunderstorms
in the form of a bow. This type of weather pattern can produce high winds in excess of 70 mph with straight line damage.
Broken Sky Condition: When the sky cover is 0.6 through 0.9.
BTU: British Temperature Unit: The amount of heat require to raise a pound
of water 1 Degree Fahrenheit. (70 to 71 degrees).
Buys Ballot's Law: When in the Northern Hemisphere, standing with your back to the wind, the lower pressure is to your left.
The opposite is in the Southern Hemisphere.
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Bott6om picture is the Weather Observatory at the Buffalo National Weather Service,
Buffalo. N.Y.
Have Fun!!
© 1998 - 2005 Charles A. Giannetta
